Dunphy Primary Care Practice Test

Limiting protein intake is a critical dietary recommendation for individuals experiencing acute renal failure. In this condition, the kidneys are unable to filter waste products effectively, leading to the accumulation of nitrogenous waste from protein metabolism. By reducing protein intake, the production of these waste products is minimized, thereby decreasing the burden on the kidneys.

Additionally, when protein is restricted, it helps manage uremia, a condition that can occur when waste products accumulate in the blood due to impaired kidney function. This dietary adjustment can be pivotal in promoting patient comfort and potentially slowing the progression of kidney damage by allowing the kidneys to recover or function more efficiently.

In contrast, increasing carbohydrate intake might provide energy without contributing to the buildup of nitrogenous wastes. However, excessive carbohydrates may also strain the body's ability to manage blood sugar levels, especially if diabetes is present. High sodium intake can worsen fluid retention and hypertension, both of which are particularly problematic in renal failure. Lastly, increasing potassium intake is contraindicated, as renal failure patients often struggle with potassium elimination, leading to potentially dangerous hyperkalemia.